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India's evolutionary past tied to huge migration 50,000 years ago and to now-extinct human relatives

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Emily is a health news writer based in London, United Kingdom. She holds a bachelor's degree in biology from Durham University and a master's degree in clinical and therapeutic neuroscience from Oxford University. She has worked in science communication, medical writing and as a local news reporter while undertaking journalism training.

Researchers have gleaned new insights into India's evolutionary history after conducting the largest genome study of its kind.

Additionally, the team found that most of the genetic variation within the current Indian population stems from a single, major migration event of modern humans to India from Africa around 50,000 years ago. To paint a clearer picture of genetic variation in India, the authors of the new study analyzed the genomes of thousands of individuals who participated in the Longitudinal Aging Study in India-Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia . Participants were over the age of 60 and agreed to have blood samples taken for analysis.

In a separate analysis, the researchers compared the DNA of modern Indians to that of sequenced Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes and found that Indians, like most non-Africans, inherited between 1% and 2% of their DNA from these groups. This DNA is highly diverse: Almost 90% of all known Neanderthal genes found in humans outside of Africa were detected in the Indian genomes studied.

 

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