suggests a variation in responses to a cancer immunotherapy called checkpoint inhibitors may be due—at least in part—to a patient’s intestinal microbiome.There are other similar reports that paint a connection between the microbiome—the collection of microorganisms living in a patient’s intestines—and responses to cancer therapies.
Checkpoint proteins act as brakes for the immune system. They are naturally found on the surface of several types of immune cells. They dampen immune cell activity by interacting with partner proteins—for example, a PD-1 checkpoint binding to PD-L1. This safety mechanism turns harmful when co-opted by tumor cells. Tumors can express these proteins and quiet immune cells that would otherwise eliminate them.
Although some cancers respond to checkpoint inhibitors, others do not. For example, PD-1 inhibitors can elicit a potent 80% overall response rate in HodgkinNumerous ongoing efforts may address this issue, including identifying biomarkers to predict which patients are more likely to respond to the treatment or combining the therapy with other cancer treatments such as chemotherapy. Alternatively, the answers we seek may reside in our intestines.In their study, Harvard researcher Dr.
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