The rise of tolerance towards LGBT+ individuals in Western democracies could be seen as remarkable, according to the researchers. Whereas a majority of citizens rejected the idea of same-sex marriage a couple of decades ago, a majority of citizens in Europe, the US and elsewhere—regardless of their political attachment to the left or right—support this policy and LGBT+ rights more generally.
However, in an original social experiment, Stuart Turnbull-Dugarte of the University of Southampton and Alberto López Ortega of VUA discovered that shifts in tolerance towards LGBT+ individuals are far more superficial than first assumed and are heavily conditioned by who the opponents of LGBT+ rights are.The authors' experiment, which involved 2,400 individuals from the UK and Spain, showed individuals a news story about anti-LGBT+ protests.
Turnbull-Dugarte said,"''The enemy of my enemy is my friend' is a proverb that's familiar to many. What we show here is that this proverb also helps us understand how views towards LGBT+ rights have liberalized so quickly among traditionally conservative-minded voters with prejudicial views, who are more likely to reject LGBT+ rights advances and the cultural changes that come about from migration.
"In a context where ethnic minorities, in this case Muslims, are perceived to oppose one of the other groups that social conservatives dislike—like the LGBT+ community—we show that these same nativist voters are happy to back LGBT+ rights advances to distance themselves from other minorities to legitimize their anti-immigration stance.
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