Helicobacter pylori are bacteria that may infect the stomach and are the main cause of stomach ulcers . More than half of the world's population have the H. pylori infection, but it is mostly benign in nature. Among all the patients infected with H. pylori bacteria, almost 20% could develop gastric cancer.
They suggest that when H. pylori infect the body, they trigger an epigenetic process called DNA hypomethylation causing an overexpression of CXCL1 in infected cells. The bacteria were discovered several decades ago, but still, researchers have been unable to understand the exact mechanism of how the bacterial infection can lead to the development of gastric cancer, says Dr. Muhammad."Our study for the first-time reports that this bacteria induces CXCL1 overexpression due to inducedStomach cancer is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world, with an estimated 768,793 people dying from stomach cancer worldwide in 2020,H.
Although the carcinogenicity of H. pylori is well documented, this is the first study to explore the bacteria's effect on the epigenetic regulation of CXCL1, say the scientists."Since epigenetic events such as DNA methylation happen early in the sequence; H. pylori-induced CXCL1 hypomethylation can likely be utilized as an early detection biomarker," they write, adding that demethylation drugs could be used to reverse this epigenetic modification.
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